Muhammad Iqbal

Muhammad Iqbal (1877–1938), also known as Allama Iqbal, was a poet, philosopher, and lawyer born in Sialkot in British India. He studied in Lahore, Cambridge, Munich, and London, and he wrote mainly in Urdu and Persian. His major poetic works include Asrar-i Khudi, Bal-i Jibril, Zarb-i Kalim, and Javid Nama. His lectures The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam (1930) develop his views on selfhood, reason, and ijtihad. He is commonly regarded as the national poet of Pakistan, and he is also widely read across South Asia.