Mahatma Gandhi

Mahatma Gandhi (Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, 1869 CE–1948 CE) was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist, and political ethicist who formulated a revolutionary framework of nonviolent resistance to dismantle British imperial rule in India. Educated in law at the Inner Temple in London, Gandhi developed his signature socio-political methodology during a twenty-one-year struggle against racial discrimination in South Africa. Upon returning to India in 1915 CE, he assumed leadership of the Indian National Congress, transforming a fragmented political movement into a mass mobilization for Swaraj (self-rule) through historic campaigns like the Salt March (1930 CE) and the Quit India Movement (1942 CE). His core philosophical treatises, including Hind Swaraj (1909 CE) and his serialised autobiography, The Story of My Experiments with Truth (1925 CE–1929 CE), anchored political activism in Ahimsa (absolute non-injury) and Satyagraha (truth-force), establishing a global blueprint for civil rights movements.