Al-Ghazali

Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī (1058–1111 CE) was a Persian theologian, jurist, philosopher, and mystic of the Islamic intellectual tradition. Born in Ṭūs, Khorasan, he studied Islamic law and theology before becoming a leading professor at the Niẓāmiyya madrasa in Baghdad. In 1095, he left his academic position during a profound spiritual crisis and travelled through Syria and the Hijaz. He later returned to Ṭūs, where he taught and pursued Sufi practice. His major works include The Revival of the Religious Sciences, The Incoherence of the Philosophers, and Deliverance from Error. He died in Ṭūs in 1111.